A Randomized multicenter phase III trial comparing enzalutamide vs. a combination of Ra223 and enzalutamide in asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic castration resistant prostate cancer patients metastatic to bone.

Overview

Sponsor-declared trial summary

Key facts

Sponsor

European Organisation For Research And Treatment Of Cancer

Participant type

Patients

Age range

18-64 years, 65+ years

Gender

Male

Therapeutic area

Diseases [C] - Neoplasms [C04]

Trial duration

26 Oct 2015 → ongoing

Decision date (initial)

2024-07-16

Transition trial

Yes

Low-intervention

No

Rare-disease indication

No

Vulnerable population

No

Funding sources

European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) · Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals Inc · Astellas Pharma

External identifiers

EU CT number

2023-510453-41-00

EudraCT number

2014-001787-36

ClinicalTrials.gov

NCT02194842

Trial design

CTIS Part I — objectives, methods, condition coding

Main objective

Scope: Efficacy

To assess if upfront combination of enzalutamide and Ra223 improves radiological progression-free survival (rPFS1) compared to enzalutamide single agent in CRPC patients metastatic to bone.

Secondary objectives 1

1. To assess if upfront combination of enzalutamide with Ra223 (experimental arm) offers further benefits over enzalutamide alone in terms of the secondary efficacy endpoints listed below, to compare the safety profile of the approaches and to document their impact on patient reported outcomes (pain and quality of life (QoL).

Conditions and MedDRA coding

Castration resistant prostate cancer patients metastatic to bone.

Eligibility criteria

Principal inclusion / exclusion criteria as submitted by sponsor

Inclusion criteria 23

1. Histologically confirmed diagnosis of prostate adenocarcinoma
2. Asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic (defined as short form question #3 in Brief Pain Inventory worst pain must be < 4.
3. Metastatic to bone with ≥ 4 bone metastases (ambiguous areas of increased uptake on 99mTC Bone Scan (BS) should be confirmed by CT or MRI) with or without additional lymph node metastases. Patients with visceral metastases are not allowed. Patients with multifocal bone lesions are allowed, while patients with diffuse confluent bone lesions (superscan) are not allowed in the trial. Note: Patients must start treatment with a bone protecting agent (at doses used to reduce the incidence of skeletal related events) ideally before or at the time of randomization, if patient is not already on one. A minimum of two doses is recommended before the first administration of Ra223 in the experimental arm. The first administration of Ra223 should be scheduled at least 6 weeks after the first administration of bone protecting agent. Note: For French sites only, patients must not have undergone a PET/CT scan for restaging prostate cancer using radiopharmaceuticals such as 18F-FDG,18F-fluoride, 18F-Fluorocholine or a PSMA (prostatespecific membrane antigen) ligand or any other tracer.
4. Progressive CRPC according to Prostate Cancer Working Group 3 (PCWG3) i.e. either: -For patients who manifest disease progression solely as a rising PSA level, PCWG3 criteria require documentation of a sequence of rising PSA values at a minimum of 1-week intervals with the last value ≥ 2 ng/mL. -For patients with disease progression manifest in the bone, irrespective of progression by rising PSA, PCWG3 guidelines require appearance of 2 or more new lesions. Ambiguous results should be confirmed by other imaging modalities than bone scan (e.g.: CT-scan or MRI). -For patients with disease progression manifest at nodal sites, irrespective of progression by rising PSA, PCWG3 requires progression according to RECIST 1.1.
5. Ongoing androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) agonist or antagonist or bilateral orchiectomy.
6. Patients must be at least 18 years old
7. WHO Performance status 0-1
8. Charlson score ≤ 3
9. T-score ≥ -2.5 on a DXA scan done in the past 12 months. Note: For French sites only, DXA scan done within 6 weeks of randomization.
10. Castrate serum levels of testosterone < 50 ng/dL
11. Biochemistry and hematology: -Adequate bone marrow function (absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ≥ 1.5 109/L; platelets ≥ 100 109/L, and hemoglobin ≥ 10.0 g/dl.). -Total bilirubin level ≤ 1.5 x institutional upper limit of normal (ULN), except for patient with Gilbert's disease where ≤ 5.0 × ULN applies. -Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ≤ 2.5 x ULN. -Creatinine ≤ 1.5 x ULN -Albumin > 25 g/L
12. Normal cardiac function according to local standard by 12-lead ECG (complete, standardized 12-lead recording).
13. Able to swallow the study drug and comply with study requirements
14. Prior or concomitant therapy. -Prior docetaxel is permitted if given in the castration sensitive state and if it was started within 4 months of ADT initiation. Note: patients having received docetaxel for CRPC are excluded. excluded.
15. Prior use of abiraterone is permitted if the patient had a response or stable disease on abiraterone for a minimum of 1 year for metastatic castration sensitive prostate cancer. Note: patients having received abiraterone for CRPC are excluded.
16. Prior treatment with abiraterone is allowed if it was stopped at least 4 weeks prior to randomization.
17. Previous treatment with bicalutamide, or flutamide is allowed if it was stopped at least 48 hours prior to randomization.
18. Corticosteroids are allowed only at a dose ≤ 10 mg of prednisone (or equivalent) no matter the indication.
19. Drugs known to lower the seizure threshold or prolong QT interval are not permitted.
20. Participants who have pregnant partners must use a condom and those with partners of childbearing potential must use a condom and another adequate birth control measure if engaging in sexual activities during the study treatment period and for at least 3 months after last dose of enzalutamide and 6 months after the last dose of Ra223. A highly effective method of birth control is defined as those which result in low failure rate (i.e. less than 1% per year) when used consistently and correctly.
21. Absence of any psychological, familial, sociological or geographical condition potentially hampering compliance with the study protocol and follow-up schedule; those conditions should be discussed with the patient before registration in the trial.
22. Before patient randomization, written informed consent must be given according to ICH/GCP, and national/local regulations.
23. For participation in translational research, specific consent must be given.

Exclusion criteria 16

1. Known central nervous system metastases or leptomeningeal tumor spread.
2. Significant cardiovascular disease including: -Myocardial infarction within 6 months prior to screening. -Uncontrolled angina within 3 months prior to screening. -Congestive heart failure New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III or IV, or patients with history of congestive heart failure NYHA class III or IV in the past, unless a screening echocardiogram or multi-gated acquisition scan (MUGA) performed within 3 months results in a left ventricular ejection fraction that is ≥ 45% -History of clinically significant ventricular arrhythmias (e.g., ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation, torsades de pointes). -History of Mobitz II second degree or third degree heart block without a permanent pacemaker in place. -Uncontrolled hypertension as indicated by a resting systolic blood pressure > 140 millimeters of mercury (mm Hg) or diastolic blood pressure > 90 mm Hg at screening. Note: Initiation or adjustment of antihypertensive medication(s) is permitted prior to randomization. Blood pressure must be re-assessed on two occasions that are separated by a minimum of 1 hour. The mean SBP / DBP values from all blood pressure assessment timepoints must be ≤ 140/90 mm Hg in order for a patient to be eligible for the study. -Hypotension as indicated by systolic blood pressure < 86 mm Hg at screening. -Bradycardia as indicated by a heart rate of < 45 beats per minute on the screening ECG and on physical examination.
3. Uncontrolled hyperglycemia as indicated by a fasting glucose ≥ 7 mmol/L.
4. Prior treatment with enzalutamide, apalutamide, darolutamide or Ra223.
5. Concomitant treatment with Cyp17 inhibitors (abiraterone, orteronel) and ketoconazole.
6. Prior hemibody external radiotherapy. Patients who received other types of prior external radiotherapy are allowed provided that the bone marrow function is assessed and meets the protocol requirements for hemoglobin, absolute neutrophil count and platelets.
7. Prior therapy with other radionuclides (e.g., strontium-89, samarium- 153, rhenium-186, or rhenium-188).
8. Involvement in another therapeutic trial involving an experimental drug.
9. Anticancer therapy (except ADT) or treatment with another investigational agent within the last 4 weeks prior to randomization.
10. Known hypersensitivity to compounds related to enzalutamide or Ra223 .
11. Prior history of malignancies other than prostate adenocarcinoma (except patients with basal cell, squamous cell carcinoma of the skin, insitu carcinoma or low-grade superficial bladder cancer), or the patient has been free of malignancy for a period of 3 years prior to randomization date.
12. History of seizure, including any febrile seizure, loss of consciousness, or transient ischemic attack within 12 months of randomization, OR any condition that may pre-dispose to seizure (e.g., prior stroke, brain arterio-venous malformation, head trauma with loss of consciousness requiring hospitalization).
13. Major surgery within 4 weeks prior to treatment.
14. Drug or alcohol abuse.
15. Other serious illness or medical condition, such as but not limited to: -Any infection ≥ Grade 2 according to National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI-CTCAE) version 4. -No gastrointestinal disorder affecting absorption (e.g., gastrectomy or active peptic ulcer disease). -Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis. -Osteonecrosis of the jaw. -Any bone disease with an osteoblastic activity. -Bone marrow dysplasia. -Fecal incontinence. -Life-threatening illness unrelated to cancer.
16. Condition which, in the investigator's opinion, makes the patient unsuitable for trial participation.

Endpoints

Primary and secondary outcome measures (English text)

Primary endpoints 1

1. Radiological Progression free survival (rPFS1)

Secondary endpoints 13

1. Overall survival
2. Prostate-cancer specific survival
3. First symptomatic skeletal event (SSE)
4. Time and incidence of first skeletal progression-free survival
5. Rate of skeletal fractures
6. Time to next systemic anti-neoplastic therapy
7. Treatments elected after first disease progression
8. Second progression-free survival
9. Safety according to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events
10. Pain: Brief Pain Inventory (BPI). In this study only pain related to prostate cancer is considered
11. Time to pain progression (defined as an increase of 2 or more points in the "worst pain in 24 hours" score from baseline observed at 2 consecutive evaluations ≥ 4 weeks apart OR initiation of short or longacting opioid use for pain)
12. Time to opiate use for cancer-related pain
13. Quality of Life (EQ-5D-5L)

Investigational products

Investigational medicinal products (IMPs), comparators, placebo, auxiliary

Test 1

Auxiliary 1

Sponsors and contacts

Sponsor organisations, regulatory contacts, third parties

European Organisation For Research And Treatment Of Cancer

Sponsor organisation

European Organisation For Research And Treatment Of Cancer

Address

Emmanuel Mounierlaan 83 Bus 11

City

Sint-Lambrechts-Woluwe

Postcode

1200

Country

Belgium

Scientific contact point

Organisation

European Organisation For Research And Treatment Of Cancer

Contact name

Stéphanie Kromar

Public contact point

Organisation

European Organisation For Research And Treatment Of Cancer

Contact name

Vassilis Golfinopoulos

Third parties 7

Locations

8 EU/EEA countries · 30 investigational sites

By country

Investigational sites

Country notifications

Trial-start, recruitment-start, end and early-termination notifications submitted per Member State

Application history

1 submissions — initial application plus substantial / non-substantial modifications